tHe EgYpT

3100-2950 BC
Late Predynastic Period
Earliest known hieroglyphic writing
Foundation of the Egyptian state

2950-2575 BC
Early Dynastic Period (1st-3rd Dynasties)
Creation of the capital city of Memphis
Intensive contact with Palestine
The first pyramid is built - the Step Pyramid at Saqqara

2575-2150 BC
Old Kingdom(4th-8th Dynasties)
The Great Pyramids are built at Dahshur and Giza
Pyramids and elite tombs include the first extensive inscriptions

2125-1975 BC
1st Intermediate Period(9th-11th Dynasties)
Egypt splits into two smaller states, ruled from Memphis in the north

and Thebes in the south

1975-1640 BC
Middle Kingdom(11th-14th Dynasties)
Mentuhotep reunites Egypt
Amenemhat I founds a new royal residence near Memphis
Egypt conquers Lower Nubia under Senwosret I and III
Classical period of art and literature

1630- 1520 BC
2nd Intermediate Period(15th-17th Dynasties)
Hyksos kings seize power in the north
Theban 17th dynasty in the south

1539-1075 BC
New Kingdom(18th-20th Dynasties)
Egyptian empire in Near East and Nubia
Elaborate tombs of the Valley of Kings
Rule of woman pharaoh Hatshepsut
King Akhenaten attempts to introduce a monotheistic religion
Brief reign of Tutankhamun
Ramesses II rules for 67 years

1075-715 BC
3rd Intermediate Period(21st-25th Dynasties)
Disunity and Libyan settlement in Egypt
Nubians conquer Egypt (late 8th century)

715-332 BC
Late Period(20th-30th Dynasties,2nd Persian Period)
Egypt conquered briefly by Assyrians
Cultural revival under kings from Sais
Persian conquest of Egypt (525 BC)
Egypt independent again (404-343 BC)

332 BC-395 AD
Greco-Roman Period(Macedonians, Ptolemies,and Romans)
Alexander the Great occupies Egypt
Alexander's general, Ptolemy, becomes king and founds a dynasty
The Rosetta Stone is carved (196 BC)
Cleopatra VII reigns (51-30 BC)
Egypt becomes a province of the Roman Empire (30 BC)